Islam is the second-largest religion in the world and continues to grow steadily due to population trends across Asia, Africa, and parts of the Middle East. As of 2026, Muslims account for around 25% of the global population, with more than 2 billion followers worldwide.
Unlike common assumptions, the countries with the largest Muslim populations are not limited to the Middle East. In fact, South and Southeast Asia dominate the list, with Africa following closely behind. Population growth, demographics, and migration patterns have played a major role in reshaping global religious distribution over the last decade.
This updated 2026 guide highlights the top 10 countries with the largest Muslim population, along with verified estimates, global percentages, and key insights to help readers understand the broader demographic picture.
Global Muslim Population Overview (2026)
- Estimated global Muslim population: ~2.05 billion
- Percentage of world population: ~25%
- Fastest growth regions: South Asia & Sub-Saharan Africa
- Largest Muslim-majority region: Asia-Pacific
Top 10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Population (2026)
1. Indonesia
- Capital: Jakarta
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~238 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~11.6%
Indonesia remains the country with the largest Muslim population in the world. Although it is not officially an Islamic state, Islam plays a central role in Indonesian culture, traditions, and daily life. The majority of Indonesian Muslims follow Sunni Islam, and the country is known for its relatively moderate religious practices.
2. Pakistan
- Capital: Islamabad
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~240 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~11.7%
Pakistan narrowly rivals Indonesia due to rapid population growth. Islam is the state religion, and over 96% of the population identifies as Muslim. Pakistan has one of the youngest populations in the world, which contributes to its fast demographic expansion.
3. India
- Capital: New Delhi
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~210 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~10.2%
India has the largest Muslim minority population globally. Despite Muslims being a minority religion in India, the country ranks among the top three worldwide due to its massive overall population. Indian Muslims contribute significantly to culture, education, trade, and politics.
4. Bangladesh
- Capital: Dhaka
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~170 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~8.3%
Bangladesh is a Muslim-majority country where Islam deeply influences social norms and public life. The country has seen consistent population growth, placing it firmly among the top Muslim-populated nations.
5. Nigeria
- Capital: Abuja
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~115 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~5.6%
Nigeria has the largest Muslim population in Africa. Islam is mainly practiced in the northern regions of the country. Nigeria’s high fertility rate makes it one of the fastest-growing Muslim populations globally.
6. Egypt
- Capital: Cairo
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~110 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~5.4%
Egypt is a cultural and religious hub of the Arab world. Al-Azhar University in Cairo is one of the most influential Islamic institutions globally, making Egypt a center of Islamic scholarship.
7. Iran
- Capital: Tehran
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~88 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~4.3%
Iran is unique among the top Muslim countries due to its Shia Muslim majority. Islam plays a defining role in governance, law, and social life across the country.
8. Turkey
- Capital: Ankara
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~85 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~4.1%
Turkey bridges Europe and Asia and has a predominantly Muslim population. While the state is officially secular, Islam remains culturally significant across Turkish society.
9. Algeria
- Capital: Algiers
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~45 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~2.2%
Islam is the state religion of Algeria, with nearly the entire population identifying as Muslim. The country follows mostly Sunni Islam.
10. Morocco
- Capital: Rabat
- Estimated Muslim Population: ~38 million
- Share of Global Muslim Population: ~1.9%
Morocco rounds out the top ten with Islam being central to its identity, traditions, and monarchy. The king holds the title “Commander of the Faithful.”
Key Trends in Muslim Population Growth (2026)
- Africa will dominate future growth due to high fertility rates
- Asia remains the largest Muslim region overall
- Migration is increasing Muslim populations in Europe and North America
- Youth demographics are significantly higher in Muslim-majority countries
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. Which country has the largest Muslim population in 2026?
Pakistan and Indonesia are nearly tied, each with around 240 million Muslims, making them the largest globally.
2. Is India a Muslim-majority country?
No. Muslims are a minority in India, but India has the third-largest Muslim population worldwide.
3. Which continent has the most Muslims?
Asia has the largest Muslim population, followed by Africa.
4. Is Islam the fastest-growing religion?
Yes. Islam is projected to be the fastest-growing major religion globally due to high birth rates.
5. Will Africa surpass Asia in Muslim population?
By mid-century, Africa is expected to rival Asia due to rapid population growth.
